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Phys.org — Technology · September 15, 2026

AI can sound empathetic and human—but not at the same time

PsychologyCommunicationsLinguistics
THE AI ANGLE
Simulating empathetic language through prompt-driven stylistic adjustments

A Nature Communications study led by Tilburg University researchers found that while prompting AI to sound human increased its perceived humanness by 17% to 41%, instructing it to sound empathetic paradoxically made it seem less human to readers. The researchers termed this dissociation 'stochastic empathy,' demonstrating that AI mimics empathetic linguistic patterns without genuine experience. For faculty in psychology, communications, and linguistics, these findings demonstrate critical distinctions in how people evaluate authenticity, trust, and perceived humanity in machine-generated communication.

THE TEACHING ANGLE
Students can examine why AI prompts specifically optimized for empathy paradoxically reduce perceived humanness, exploring the tension between linguistic emotional cues and authentic interpersonal communication.

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